Precious and Decorative Stones

2019: No. 4 (98) CONTENTS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53056/...

MICROWORLD OF MINERALS. INCLUSIONS IN RUBIES, BLUE SAPPHIRES, EMERALDS AND ALEXANDRITES

О. Belichenkо
State Gemmological Centre of Ukraine

Yu. Gayevsky
State Gemmological Centre of Ukraine

Yu. Ladzhun
State Gemmological Centre of Ukraine

К. Tatarintseva
State Gemmological Centre of Ukraine

Language: Ukrainian

Precious and Decorative Stones. No. 4 (98), 2019: 10–14

Abstract
The main types of inclusions in rubies, blue sapphires, emeralds and alexandrites are described. These inclusions differ in composition (crystalline, fluid), according to the phase ratio (single phase, two phase, multiphase), according to the genetic type (protogenetic, syngenetic and epigenetic). Inclusions are classified by treatment method in the treated inserts and by synthesis method in the synthetic stones. The article is illustrated with photos obtained by microscopic examination of precious stones in SGCU. The studies were performed using a Gemmaster L 230V hemological microscope and immersion microscope «EickhorstGemmoscope».

Keywords: precious stones, rubies, blue sapphires, emeralds, alexandrites, mineral inclusions, microscopic examination.

References

1. Belichenko O. Formation of complex database of diagnostic gemological physical-chemical characteristics of precious gemstones from SGCU collections: Report. Kyiv. 2018. 103 р. [in Ukrainian]
2. Gubelin E.J., Koivula J.I. Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones. Zurich: ABC Edition, 1992. 532 р.
3. Gems-inclusions. URL: http://gems-inclusions.com (date of appeal: 26.11.2019).
4. Microworld of gems. URL: http://www.microworldofgems.com/news.php (date of appeal: 26.11.2018).
5. GIA. URL: www.gia.edu (date of appeal: 26.11.2019).
6. Gemmology, Photomicrography and Wildlife Photography. URL: http://anthonydegoutiere.com (date of appeal: 26.11.2019).
7. Belichenko O. Photoatlas of Inclusions in Precious Stones. Kyiv. 2018. 56 р. [in Ukrainian]